So what exactly does the Quran say about blasphemy and apostasy?

Blasphemy And Apostasy Laws: Islam or Hislam?

February 14, 2014 by Ro Waseem

In January 2011, the governor of Punjab, Salman Taseer, was gunned down by one of his own security guards over a controversial move - opposing the blasphemy law in Pakistan. Although thousands of Pakistanis condemned this by attending his funeral and showing support on social media, religious fanatics hailed his murderer as a hero, recently naming a mosque after him.

As a Muslim, I stand firmly against blasphemy laws. My faith demands that I do so, for it repeatedly asks me to stand for justice and fight oppression.

The Quran shows us that even though God's prophets were mocked and threatened, they never killed their accusers for hurting their "religious sentiments." In fact, the Quran opposes any laws that restrain freedom of speech or would have someone killed over differences in belief. Rather, Quran 73:10 says, "Be patient over what they say, and leave them graciously."

So how did these blasphemy and apostasy laws come to be associated with Islam?

The blasphemy and apostasy laws are found in the Hadeeth, sayings attributed to Prophet Mohammad, which were compiled two-three centuries after his death. It is common knowledge among Muslims that no Hadeeth should contradict the Quran if they are to be accepted, given their subjective nature and reliance on the Quran for authenticity.

But early scholars intentionally overlooked this to protect the interests of clergymen and political leaders. These oppressive laws allow them to exercise complete control over people, punishing anyone who threatens their position by declaring them apostates - enemies of Islam. To so many clergymen, religion is nothing but a means to gain power and control people. To keep out competition and force their monopoly, they invent laws in the name of God so "consumers" have no choice but to keep buying their "product." Or else, face persecution.

Religious leaders like Tahir-ul-Qadri, a staunch proponent of blasphemy laws, rule people by fear. Add to that the fact that the average Muslim is unaware of the Quran's teachings, which makes them likely to believe whatever the clergy tells them about Islam. Of these leaders, the Qur'an asks us to be weary: "O You who have believed! A great many religious leaders: rabbis, priests, monks, Mullahs, yogis, and mystics devour the wealth of people in falsehood, and bar them from the path of God" (Quran 9:34).

So what exactly does the Quran say about blasphemy and apostasy?

Quite frankly, blasphemy and apostasy laws are themselves blasphemous to the teachings of the Qur'an. Not in the traditional sense, but because they violate the very instructions the scripture gives regarding freedom of belief.

Regarding apostasy, in Quran 2:256 God says, "There is no compulsion in matters of faith. The right way is now distinct from the wrong way. Anyone who denounces false authorities and becomes at peace with God has grasped the strongest bond; one that never breaks. God is Hearer, Knower."

In a similar vein, verse 109:6 instructs adherents to end a debate by saying: "To you, your belief system. And to me, mine."

If all that isn't convincing enough, Quran 10:99 should seal the deal: "If your Lord willed, all who are on earth, would have believed (by not providing free will). Would you then, compel people to become believers?"

When it comes to blasphemy, I often hear some version of, "Hold on. If someone mocks my religion, it prompts me to act violently. You see, it makes me very emotional."

But this statement only shows an ignorance of the Quran, which says in verse 6:68,"When you see them engaged in vain discourse about Our verses, turn away from them unless they engage in a different subject. If Satan ever makes you forget (i.e. your mind gets engrossed in their discourse,) then as soon as you recollect, no longer sit in the company of the people who confound the truth with falsehood."

Here, Muslims are instructed to engage with these people if they change the topic. Certainly that means we're not to have enmity towards them, let alone kill them!

And, again, Quran 28:55 instructs, "Whenever they (believers) hear vain talk of ridicule, they withdraw from it decently and say, '"To us our deeds and to you yours; Peace be upon you, we do not seek to join the ignorant."

Those verses are practically shouting freedom of expression at the top of their lungs! Islam is a very progressive path to God, one in which differences in opinions and beliefs are accepted, not punished (Quran 39:18). On the other hand, blasphemy and apostasy laws lead to negative misconceptions about Islam being an oppressive faith.

But what are we Muslims to do? By not voicing our disapproval, we stand for these anti-Quranic laws and call them Islam. Is that not like setting your own house on fire? There is not a single verse that encourages Muslims to act violently toward those who leave Islam, or even mock the Quran. After all, shouldn't truth be able to defend itself on its own merit? What good is a forced belief?

We can even take it a step further by noting how rejecters treated the prophets.

Of Prophet Nooh: "They said, 'If you do not desist, O Noah, you will surely be of those who are stoned'" (Quran 26:116).

Prophet Ibrahim's father said, "Do you dislike my gods, O Abraham? If you cease not, I will certainly cause you to be stoned to death! Now get away from me for good" (Quran 19:46). Similarly, the priesthood said of Ibrahim, "Burn him alive and uphold your gods if you are going to take any action" (Quran 21:68).

Regarding Prophet Musa, "[Pharaoh] said, 'If you take a god/authority other than me, I will surely place you among those imprisoned'" (Quran 26:29). To Musa's followers, Pharaoh also said, "I will surely cut off your hands and your feet on opposite sides, and I will surely crucify you all" (Quran 26:49)."

These verses should reveal to us a different perspective: all prophets were seen as blasphemers and apostates to the prevalent religion of their time. To condone the oppressive laws of religious leaders today is to support ill treatment of the prophets. After all, you would've done the same!

And that's the most ironic part. If a messenger were to come today, these clergymen and their ardent followers would utter the same threats to him. They have fabricated their own laws in the name of God, so when you ask them to reform, they either consider you a blasphemer or an apostate and have a fatwa issued to kill you. That's the scary thing about truth: it doesn't warrant aggression but is always met with it.

This is not a matter of interpretation, as some would call it. The Quran condemns forced belief in numerous verses. Rather, this is a matter of giving preference to the Hadeeth over the Quran to justify bigotry and extremism in the name of Islam. Having said that, it's up to you whether you want to rethink your stance or keep blindly following what you have been taught - whether you want to follow Islam or Hislam. Because unlike misguided religious fanatics, sincere believers never force their beliefs on others.

What's the Golden Rule, again? "Any secondary source on Islam that goes against the Quran should be rejected."

Often said, but seldom followed.

About Ro Waseem